Título :	Perfil clínico-laboratorial de crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV atendidos em unidade de referência do Distrito Federal
Autor :	Freire, Sylvia Maria Leite
Orientador(es)::	Noronha, Elza Ferreira
Assunto::	HIV (Vírus) Crianças e adolescentes Transmissão vertical Tratamento antirretroviral Resistência viral
Fecha de publicación :	16-mar-2026
Data de defesa::	28-abr-2025
Citación :	FREIRE, Sylvia Maria Leite. Perfil clínico-laboratorial de crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV atendidos em unidade de referência do Distrito Federal. 2025. 124 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina Tropical) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2025.
Abstract:	Introduction: Described in pediatric patients in 1982, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through vertical transmission was associated with high morbidity and mortality. After 40 years, a change in perspective was observed for those with access to treatment. Important advances have been made in the field of vertical transmission prevention, enabling its elimination in some scenarios. Despite these advances, access to prophylaxis and treatment is heterogeneous in different contexts, and the biopsychosocial particularities of children can lead to viral resistance. This study aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of children and adolescents living with HIV assisted in a reference unit of the Federal District (DF) in 2023 and 2024. Methods: Crosssectional study with an analytical component, conducted from the collection of data from medical records and previously approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. Variables related to demographic and perinatal data, clinicallaboratory aspects, and those related to diagnosis, treatment, and viral resistance were evaluated. Results: The study group consisted of 49 participants. The year with the highest concentration of births was 2010. Maternal diagnosis after birth occurred in about 40% of cases. Breastfeeding was reported in almost half of the sample. Five subjects (10,20%) were in treatment abandonment. Among those on ART, 56.82% (25/44) had a recent undetectable viral load or less than the minimum detection limit. There was no statistically significant difference in this variable between those born before and from 2015. The median time elapsed between diagnosis and initiation of ART was 40 days. The current regimen was first linein 54.55% (24/44). Virological failure in the last two years was identified in 43.18% (19/44) of the group. Pre-treatment genotyping was performed in 57.14% (28/49) of subjects; three presented transmitted resistance. Twenty-one participants underwent genotyping due to virological failure. Mutations for reverse transcriptase inhibitors predominated. One individual presented mutations for three classes of ARVs. Conclusions: Despite the progressive reduction in the number of vertically transmitted infections observed, those that still occur reveal a gap in access and connection to health services. The high rate of virological failure and the high prevalence of mutations raise concerns about possible issues related to adherence, among other factors, and the need for approaches that ensure regularity in the monitoring of children and adolescents living with HIV.
metadata.dc.description.unidade:	Faculdade de Medicina (FM)
Descripción :	Dissertação (mestrado) — Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, 2025.
metadata.dc.description.ppg:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical
Licença::	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.unb.br, www.ibict.br, www.ndltd.org sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra supracitada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
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