Título:	Characterization of size- and shape-controlled magnetic iron oxide microspheres fabricated by the flame method from industrial steel waste
Autor(es):	Rivera, Edison Muñoz Meneses, Rodrigo Arbey Marín, Lorena Mora, Malka Tabares, Jesús A. Rodríguez, Luis A. Diosa, Jesús E. Sivasamy, Ramesh Mosquera Vargas, Edgar
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-6994
Afiliação do autor:	Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF) University of Brasilia, Faculty Gama Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Películas Delgadas (GPD) Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación en Síntesis Organometálica y Catálisis (GISIOMCA) Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF) Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF) Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF) Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Física, Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF) Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM)
Assunto:	Resíduos industriais Óxidos de ferro Micropartículas esféricas Propriedades magnéticas
Data de publicação:	Dez-2025
Editora:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Referência:	RIVERA, Edison; MUÑOZ-MENESES, Rodrigo A.; MARÍN, Lorena; MORA, Malka; TABARES, Jesús A.; RODRÍGUEZ, Luis A.; DIOSA, Jesús E.; SIVASAMY, Ramesh; MOSQUERA-VARGAS, Edgar. Characterization of size- and shape-controlled magnetic iron oxide microspheres fabricated by the flame method from industrial steel waste. Emergent Materials, [S. l.], v. 8, n. 8, p. 7637-7649, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-025-01195-5. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-025-01195-5
Abstract:	Magnetic microspheres were fabricated from industrial waste via a single-stage flame spheroidization method using two ferric oxide precursor powders from steel hot rolling industry. The analysis of all samples was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (RS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). SEM, XRD, Mössbauer spectroscopy, FTIR and RS show the morphology, structure, and phases of the samples studied. The average size for each microsphere was 45 μm (Sample A2) and 60 μm (Sample B2). TGA confirmed the crystallization and phase transition of iron oxides. The VSM study showed high saturation magnetization (Ms ) for both microsphere samples, with the higher M s being very close to the reported value for bulk magnetite and exhibiting a very soft magnetic behavior. The flame spheroidization processing route provides a method for producing microspheres with high uniformity and size control. These factors make the method promising for biomedical, environmental remediation, and energy device applications.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias em Engenharia (FCTE) – Campus UnB Gama Curso de Engenharia Eletrônica (FCTE-Engenharia Eletrônica)
Licença:	Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-025-01195-5
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