Title:	A urbanização e os morcegos insetívoros do cerrado : riqueza, atividade e ecolocalização
Authors:	Costa, Gabriel Ferraz Rodrigues da
Orientador(es)::	Aguiar, Ludmilla Moura de Souza
Assunto::	Chiroptera Bioacústica Chiroptera Molossidae
Issue Date:	17-Aug-2022
Data de defesa::	26-Apr-2022
Citation:	COSTA, Gabriel Ferraz Rodrigues da. A urbanização e os morcegos insetívoros do cerrado: riqueza, atividade e ecolocalização. 2022. 111 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2022.
Abstract:	Urbanization is one of the most intense forms of habitat modification. Recently, science has shown that urban biodiversity has a population, morphological and genetic adaptations. Bat species respond in a species-specific way to urbanization and can be excluded, benefited or neutral in this habitat. Cerrado is a hotspot biodiversity. In Cerrado, there is a significant gap in basic knowledge of the distribution and the effects of urbanization on insectivorous bat species. This dissertation evaluates the effects of urbanization on insectivorous bats in Cerrado. In Chapter 1, I demonstrate the existence of a substantial gap in basic knowledge about insectivorous species. Most studies on bat distribution in the Cerrado are carried out with mist nets, which favors the capture of non-insectivorous species. The richness and composition of species in non-urbanized, peri-urban and urbanized habitats in the Federal District and Goiás, the central region of the biome, are investigated through bioacoustics. I found a reduction in species richness with increasing urbanization; however, changes can be observed when the dry and wet seasons are considered separately. In the dry season, the richness was similar; however, the composition differed between the habitats, and in the rainy season, high richness and similarity in species composition between the habitats were found. Only Molossops neglectus had not been recorded in urban areas of the Cerrado, while Molossus currentium, M. molossus, and N. laticaudatus occurred in all habitats and seasons, being the species used in the analyzes of chapters 2 and 3. Through ultrasound pulses bats detect the environment around them. Noise pollution and artificial lighting can act as a source of environmental fragmentation, demanding more significant cognitive activity. In the Cerrado, basic knowledge such as the acoustic description of species is still needed. In the second chapter, I investigate intraspecific differences in M. currentium, M. molossus and N. laticaudatus pulses. M. currentium and N. laticaudatus emit lower pulses and are influenced by habitat type and season, while M. molossus is influenced only by season. Despite the differences, all recorded pulses have already been described as part of the species' vocal repertoire; however, the duty cycles are reduced when compared to the duty-cycles found in forest habitats. Animals adjust their activity period to optimize opportunities. Bats are animals that stay in shelters throughout the day and remain active at night. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the species determine the availability and use of shelters, and the foraging period. In urban habitats, artificial lighting is associated with changes in activity patterns. In the second chapter, the objective is to investigate possible differences in the activity patterns of the selected species in the different habitats. The activity pattern of Molossus species is better explained by the GLMM’s interactive model and N. laticaudatus by the null model. Some of the patterns found are similar to those described in forest and island habitats in Central and South America.
metadata.dc.description.unidade:	Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB)
Description:	Dissertação (mestrado) — Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, 2022.
metadata.dc.description.ppg:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia
Licença::	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
Agência financiadora:	Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).
Appears in Collections:	Teses, dissertações e produtos pós-doutorado

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