Título:	Identificação e variabilidade genética de Meloidogyne spp. em cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo
Autor(es):	Furtado, Leila Lourenço
Orientador(es):	Santiago, Thaís Ribeiro
Assunto:	Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne javanica Cana-de-açúcar Esterase
Data de publicação:	17-Nov-2021
Data de defesa:	13-Ago-2021
Referência:	FURTADO, Leila Lourenço. Identificação e variabilidade genética de Meloidogyne spp. em cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo. 2021. 84 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitopatologia)—Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2021.
Abstract:	Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer in the world, with emphasis on the state of São Paulo, which leads production in the country. National production is mainly intended to produce sugar, alcohol, beverages, and animal feed. Although high productivity is achieved due to the favorable climatic conditions for the crop in the country, biotic and abiotic problems occur frequently and make it difficult to manage the crop. Among biotic constraints in the crop, we can highlight the losses caused by plant-parasitic nematodes, which can reach a decrease in the productivity in the order of 20 to 30% even in the first cut in susceptible cultivars. Nematodes of several genera of plant-parasitic nematodes affect the culture, especially the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). Meloidogyne species are classified as sedentary endoparasites, with parthenogenesis-type reproduction, either obligatory or facultative. Species identification of this genus consists of a polyphasic approach based on morphological and morphometric characteristics, perineal pattern, biochemical and molecular techniques. Furthermore, with advances in molecular techniques, it was possible to make use of genomic DNA for intraspecific variability studies. It is noteworthy that information on the variability of plant-parasitic nematodes is relevant for the adoption of specific control measures, such as recommendation for crop rotation and, mainly, the use of resistant varieties. Currently, sugarcane varieties resistant to several Meloidogyne species are available, however these are only resistant to one species at a time, which makes it difficult to control it in the field, where several species affect the crop simultaneously. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify Meloidogyne species in the sugarcane crop in the state of São Paulo and to study the intraspecific variability of the predominant species in sugarcane. For this, it was identified the Meloidogyne species present in 36 sugarcane fields distributed in ten municipalities in the state of São Paulo, through the esterase phenotypes and molecular markers (SCAR, 28S D2-D3, COI and NADH5). In addition, it was elucidated the genetic variability of M. javanica populations using RAPD molecular markers. Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica were detected through sugarcane plantation in the state, the last specie being observed in all fields. In 33% of the sampled fields, mixed populations were detected. The variability study of M. javanica showed that each isolate is a genotype with high genetic variation among isolates and that the population is structured in two subpopulations, without any correlation with geographic region, sugarcane cultivar, soil type, rainfall, and biome. The results of this study may serve as basis information to increase the effectiveness in choosing control methods in areas infested by M. incognita and M. javanica in sugarcane in the state of São Paulo. This study represents one piece of a great puzzle for a better understanding of the evolutionary history, genetic variability, and population structure of M. javanica in the world.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB) Departamento de Fitopatologia (IB FIT)
Informações adicionais:	Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Fitopatologia, 2021.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitopatologia
Licença:	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
Agência financiadora:	Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
Aparece nas coleções:	Teses, dissertações e produtos pós-doutorado

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