Título :	Virtual pollination trade uncovers global dependence on biodiversity of developing countries
Autor :	Silva, Felipe Deodato da Silva e Carvaheiro, Luísa G. Aguirre Gutiérrez, Jésus Lucotte, M. Martins, Karlo Guidoni Mertens, Frédéric
metadata.dc.identifier.orcid:	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-9493 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-979X https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-3229 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8458-8467 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1449-8140
metadata.dc.contributor.affiliation:	Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso Federal University of Goiás, Department of Ecology University of Lisbon, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Change University of Oxford, Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands GEOTOP, Université du Quebec à Montreal, Institute of Environmental Sciences Federal University of Goiás, Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution University of Brasília, Center of Sustainable Development
Assunto::	Polinização - comércio Países em desenvolvimento Biodiversidade
Fecha de publicación :	10-mar-2021
Editorial :	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Citación :	SILVA et al. Virtual pollination trade uncovers global dependence on biodiversity of developing countries. Science Advances, [S. l.], v. 7, n. 11, abe6636, 10 mar. 2021. DOI: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abe6636. Disponível em: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abe6636. Acesso em: 24 nov. 2023.
Abstract:	Nations’ food consumption patterns are increasingly globalized and trade dependent. Natural resources used for agriculture (e.g., water, pollinators) are hence being virtually exchanged across countries. Inspired by the virtual water concept, we, herein, propose the concept of virtual biotic pollination flow as an indicator of countries’ mu- tual dependence on biodiversity-based ecosystem services and provide an online tool to visualize trade flow. Using information on 55 pollinator-dependent crop markets (2001–2015), we show that countries with higher development level demand high levels of biodiversity-based services to sustain their consumption patterns. Such patterns are supported by importation of virtual biotic pollination (up to 40% of national imports of pollinator- dependent crops) from developing countries, stimulating cropland expansion. Quantifying virtual pollination flow can help develop new global socioeconomic policies to meet the interconnected challenges of biodiversity loss, ecosystem health, and social justice.
metadata.dc.description.unidade:	Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (CDS)
Licença::	Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
DOI:	https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abe6636
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