Título:	Políticas tarifárias de ônibus urbanos nas capitais brasileiras
Autor(es):	Cadaval, Maurício Eduardo Guimarães
Orientador(es):	Shimoishi, José Matsuo
Assunto:	Tarifas Transporte coletivo Transportes - política pública
Data de publicação:	22-Jan-2023
Data de defesa:	Jan-1993
Referência:	CADAVAL, Maurício Eduardo Guimarães. Políticas tarifárias de ônibus urbanos nas capitais brasileiras. 1993. 175 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Transportes) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 1993.
Abstract:	The aim of this study is to analyse the main urban bus fare policy orientations in Brazilian capitais during the eighty's. From a methodological viewpoint, the study is concerned with the bus fare decisions make process as a result of confrontation among social agents related to the issue; emphasising the way as goals and fare policy instruments are settled, as well as the relationships between these elements. It starts doing a critical review of pricing theory, seeking to make a conceptual framework which helps to understand the urban transportation conditions in Brazilian towns. Based on surveys and statistic data series, the study analyses the main fare policies features as implemented in Brazilian cities during the past decade. Among these caracteristics, it highlights a trend to simplify fare strutures above all by implementing flat fare and reducing fare classes number. The analysis demonstrates that such trend, even promoting reductions in fare collection costs and improving up fare understanding by the users, does not have impacts on income distribution - as frequently presumed - and presents negative effects on land use and service management. The study check up on free fare and discount fare policies addopted in Brazilian cities, including the "vale-transporte" and some special contracts between governments and operators that affects fare policy orientations. Two main fare policies dominate eighty decade and its extension up today. From 1982 to 1985 average bus fare dropped down, following urban population average income trend. In this period, operational costs also declined but below fare decrease. Several municipalities decided do not reflects the inflation on urban bus fares. Such policies resulted in service supply reduction and worsening in service quality. Since 1989, income has maintained its trend to drop down and nevertheless bus fare has increased at very high rates. Costs are also going up fast due to vehicle and spare parts prices increase as well as drivers wages. But only a part of fare increase is being imputed to users. The "vale-transporte", subsidy given by the employers to their workers, is smoothing fare increase effects on users family budget. The subsidy policy explains why the users are not attended with fare problems, according to recent public opinion survey done in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Operators profits have improved in the last years, estimulating new investments in bus fleet renewal. There are indications that service supply and level of service is going up, nevertheless serious problems remain during peak hours periods. The study asks if it will be possible to sustain such expansionist trend in urban transportation sector when the country's economy faces a hard recession. Will employers continue to finance urban transportation services even not participating in the decision process of the sector? Will municipalities have financial capacity to subsidize services for the next years? Fare strategies addopted in the last years seem to come to an end and new solutions will be needed to avoid both overcharge on users budget and transport service deterioration.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Tecnologia (FT) Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental (FT ENC)
Informações adicionais:	Dissertação (mestrado) — Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 1993.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Transportes
Aparece nas coleções:	Teses, dissertações e produtos pós-doutorado

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