Título:	O projeto de lei da cesariana a pedido materno no Sistema Único de Saúde : entre estratégias epistemológicas populistas e a produção da ignorância
Autor(es):	Santos, Sarah Guerra Gonzalez Cursino dos
E-mail do autor:	sarahguerrasantos@gmail.com
Orientador(es):	Duarte, Tiago Ribeiro
Assunto:	Cesariana Parto (Obstetrícia) Medicina Sistema Único de Saúde (Brasil)
Data de publicação:	25-Mar-2022
Data de defesa:	9-Dez-2021
Referência:	SANTOS, Sarah Guerra Gonzalez Cursino dos. O projeto de lei da cesariana a pedido materno no Sistema Único de Saúde: entre estratégias epistemológicas populistas e a produção da ignorância. 2021. 68 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2021.
Abstract:	This dissertation examines the epistemological strategies that underpin the cesarean section by maternal request bill at the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) proposed by the São Paulo State parliamentarian Janaína Paschoal (PSL) in 2019 at ALESP. Cesarean section is a surgical procedure that emerged in the 16th century as an attempt to save the mother's life, as many women died from complications during childbirth. Since the nineteenth century, considering the development of medicine and surgical technique, a series of mechanisms - such as asepsis, antisepsis, blood transfusion, the administration of synthetic oxytocin and antibiotics - emerged to reduce the risks associated with the performance of the cesarean. Therefore, maternal morbidity and mortality rates had a severe reduction from that period onwards, making cesarean an obstetric practice. Throughout the 20th century, the rates of surgical births grew considerably worldwide and particularly in Brazil. In 1985, the WHO issued a statement on the rates of cesarean sections in populations and defined that the ideal would be that 10 to 15% of births should be performed surgically. According to the entity and other national and international scientific institutions, cesarean sections should only be performed when there is a clinical justification for performing the surgical procedure, considering the risks associated with it. In Brazil, however, the rates of cesarean sections performed continued to rise and reached 57% in 2019, according to data from SINASC (Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos). Despite the guidelines of Brazilian and international medical entities on the risks associated with performing cesarean sections without clinical justification, Mrs. Janaína Paschoal presented, in 2019 at ALESP, a bill that allows cesarean section requested by the mother, without the need for medical reasons for performing the procedure. Inspired by the parlamentarian, politicians from most units of the federation proposed the same legislation for their respective states. In this sense, considering that scientific institutions advise against performing cesarean operations without clinical indication, I examine the motivations exposed by the parliamentarian for the presentation of the bill. I mobilized the concepts of epistemological populism, medical populism and production of ignorance. The central finding of this research was that Mrs. Janaína Paschoal, when proposing and justifying the bill, values the knowledge obtained from the experiences of women's daily lives, to the detriment of that scientific knowledge. Furthermore, the parliamentarian presents the debate on risks related to the mode of delivery in a simplistic way, without considering the complexity of the topic, in addition to selecting specific data from some articles to support her position in favor of cesarean operation regardless of clinical justification.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Ciências Sociais (ICS) Departamento de Sociologia (ICS SOL)
Informações adicionais:	Dissertação (mestrado) — Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Sociologia, 2021.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia
Licença:	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
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