Título:	Por uma fenomenologia do sofrimento psíquico grave : as contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein
Autor(es):	Moraes, Mak Alisson Borges de
Orientador(es):	Costa, Ileno Izídio da
Coorientador(es):	Goto, Tommy Akira
Assunto:	Sofrimento psíquico Crise psíquica Antropologia fenomenológica Psicologia fenomenológica Stein, Edith, 1891-1942 - crítica e interpretação
Data de publicação:	8-Abr-2021
Data de defesa:	14-Set-2020
Referência:	MORAES, Mak Alisson Borges de. Por uma fenomenologia do sofrimento psíquico grave: as contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein. 2020. 249 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura)—Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2020.
Abstract:	Psychic suffering is an essentially human phenomenon and has a complex, multifaceted and plural character. Despite being something unpleasant and from which man tries to get away, suffering inevitably imposes itself. Suffering is part of the constitution of the human, who establishes himself as a suffering-being. Bearing in mind that the clinic looks at and cares for suffering, it is understood that it has the suffering-being as its guideline. Therefore, a wellfounded psychological clinic requires a rigorous understanding of the phenomenon of suffering. However, suffering has been conceived within the scope of the psi sciences from a scientificpositivist perspective, which denotes a reductionist view on this issue. It is in this context that, through the construct of severe psychic suffering, one seeks to understand the psychic crisis not from a symptomatological-nosographic perspective, but from the subject's lived experience. In this perspective, this research aims to outline a Phenomenology of severe psychological suffering based on the phenomenological anthropology outlined by Edith Stein (1891-1942). It is understood that an investigation about suffering implies a deep analysis of human beings, or in other terms, it requires a philosophical anthropology. It is in this sense that Stein's contributions are inserted, since the philosopher outlined a phenomenological anthropology, revealing the essential structure that makes up the human person. In this research, both a qualitative bibliographic and an empirical methodology were used. Some works of the phenomenologist, as well as of her commentators, were analyzed in order to understand the issue of severe psychological suffering from an anthropological-phenomenological perspective. Furthermore, in relation to the empirical aspect, we sought to articulate the theoretical conclusions with the analysis of a case attended by the researcher at the GIPSI (Group of Early Intervention in the First Psychotic Crises), a group focused on the discussion, research and clinical intervention in the scope of the serious psychic crisis. In this sense, brief considerations were first made about the main elements of Husserl's Phenomenology, highlighting its links with Psychology, more specifically phenomenological and philosophical anthropology. Then, the objective was to present the anthropological-phenomenological description undertaken by Stein, who highlighted the constitution of the human person from their bodily, psychic and spiritual strata. In view of these considerations, it was possible to conclude that suffering can manifest itself both in the body as in the psyche and in the spirit, being possible to speak of a corporeal suffering, a psychic and a spiritual one. Such a distinction is necessary due to inaccuracies and misunderstandings about the notion of suffering. In the absence of this anthropological discrimination, suffering is often reduced to its most superficial layers, that is, to its organic and psychic aspects. Its specifically human aspect, spiritual suffering, is neglected. In light of this, one can understand that severe psychological suffering, which underlies the severe psychic crisis, exhibits a psychic origin. However, given the connection between the different dimensions and the different types of suffering, it is understood that the psychic crisis can also arise as a result of the reverberation of a suffering that had another anthropological layer as its source. In summary, based on this anthropological-phenomenological foundation, the psychologist may be able to specify the peculiarities of the suffering that manifests itself in a serious psychic crisis, discriminating its source: corporeal, psychic or spiritual. Such discernment is essential, because in addition to enabling a more rigorous understanding of this phenomenon, it can support the building of a more appropriate intervention model, compatible with the features of the experience in question
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Psicologia (IP) Departamento de Psicologia Clínica (IP PCL)
Informações adicionais:	Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura, 2020.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura
Licença:	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
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