Título:	Democracy and social policies for inequality reduction in Brazil : representatives policies' congruence and relevance – 1998-2018
Autor(es):	Cruz, Rafael Georges da
Orientador(es):	Rennó Junior, Lucio Remuzat
Assunto:	Representação política Desigualdade Democracia Política pública
Data de publicação:	29-Jun-2020
Data de defesa:	16-Dez-2019
Referência:	CRUZ, Rafael Georges da. Democracy and social policies for inequality reduction in Brazil : representatives policies' congruence and relevance – 1998-2018. 2019. xii, 113 f., il. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) — Instituto de Ciência Política, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2019.
Abstract:	A long-standing question on the capacity of democracies to reduce inequalities is yet open. Brazil offers a case of study, as a country where socio-economic indicators have significantly advanced for those at the bottom of the social pyramid after the re-democratization. Nevertheless, the current context brings questions on the sustainability of Brazilian democracy to deliver redistributive policies in the long run. The extent to which our political system is capable of responding to redistributive demands is still to be tested, and this work seeks to advance this field. The central question of this research is, 'how responsive are Brazilian Representatives to their constituencies on health and education demands?'. The answer to such a question is sought in the studies of political 'congruence,' under a broader field of political representation studies. It considers individual Brazilian Representatives across 5 Legislatures (51st to 55th, covering 1998 to 2018). It calculates their electoral dependence on unattended populations – measured through weighting socio-economic indicators on health, education, and income on votes at a municipality level – and then comparing it to the weight of proactive legislative production on health and education on the total proactive legislative proposals for each Representative. It adopted a model of beta inflated distribution to measure the correlation of such proportions. It further analyzed the approved proposals over the 5 Legislatures and their characteristics by the proponent. The results point to a significant congruence of education-related policies and dependence on votes from municipalities with high rates of illiteracy, school attendance, poverty, and low rates of infant mortality. I did not find such alignment for health policies, which responded more to the Representative's declared profession than its constituencies' socio-economic characteristics. Responsiveness has decreased over time, while the House saw a progressive change in their aggregated constituencies – which have better health, are more educated, less poor and unequal – and gradually more Representatives have been presenting education and health proposals. Representatives' policy delivery, on the other hand, has been limited to rules and rights, not affecting budgetary expansion overtime, and very much focused on diffusing benefits rather than concentrating them. This corroborates other previous similar studies.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Ciência Política (IPOL)
Informações adicionais:	Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciência Política, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política, 2019.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política
Licença:	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
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