Título:	Antimicrobial resistance among leprosy patients in Brazil : real-world data based on the national surveillance plan
Autor(es):	Andrade, Elaine Silva Nascimento Brandão, Jurema Guerrieri Silva, Juliana Souza da Coriolano, Carmelita Ribeiro Filha Rosa, Patricia Sammarco Moraes, Milton Ozório Ferreira, Cynthia de Oliveira Gomes, Ciro Martins Araújo, Wildo Navegantes de
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8066-8283 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-6884
Assunto:	Resistência a drogas Hanseníase DNA
Data de publicação:	Abr-2022
Referência:	ANDRADE, Elaine Silva Nascimento et al. Antimicrobial resistance among leprosy patients in Brazil: real-world data based on the national surveillance plan. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, v. 66, n. 5, abr. 2022. DOI 10.1128/aac.02170-21. Disponível em: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aac.02170-21. Acesso em: 22 set. 2022.
Abstract:	Brazil ranks second among countries for new cases and first for relapse cases of leprosy worldwide. The Mycobacterium leprae Resistance Surveillance Plan was established. We aimed to present the results of a 2-year follow-up of the National Surveillance Plan in Brazil. A cross-sectional study of leprosy cases was performed to investigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Brazil from October 2018 to September 2020. Molecular screening targeting genes related to dapsone (folP1), rifampin (rpoB), and ofloxacin resistance (gyrA) was performed. During the referral period, 63,520 active leprosy patients were registered in Brazil, and 1,183 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for molecular AMR investigation. In total, only 16 (1.4%) patients had genetic polymorphisms associated with AMR. Of these, 8 (50%) had cases of leprosy relapse, 7 (43.8%) had cases of suspected therapeutic failure with standard treatment, and 1 (6.2%) was a case of new leprosy presentation. M. leprae strains with AMR-associated mutations were found for all three genes screened. Isolates from two patients showed simultaneous resistance to dapsone and rifampin, indicating multidrug resistance (MDR). No significant relationship between clinical variables and the presence of AMR was identified. Our study revealed a low frequency of AMR in Brazil. Isolates were resistant mainly to dapsone, and a very low number of isolates were resistant to rifampin, the main bactericidal agent for leprosy, or presented MDR, reinforcing the importance of the standard World Health Organization multidrug therapy. The greater frequency of AMR among relapsed patients supports the need to constantly monitor this group.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Medicina (FMD)
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02170-21
Versão da editora:	https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aac.02170-21
Aparece nas coleções:	Artigos publicados em periódicos e afins

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